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Essay on Analysis of The House on Mango Street by Sandra...

After having read the novel â€Å"The House on Mango Street† by Sandra Cisneros I will now concentrate on the background of the novel that moved Sandra Cisneros to write it by investigating the novel with special regard to its different dimensions. 1. The Novel 1.1 Summary The novel â€Å"The House on Mango Street† is written by Sandra Cineros. It deals with family, neighbourhood and dreams of a young Mexican girl, Esperanza Cordero growing up in Chicago. The novel begins when the Corderos move into a new house on Mango Street in the Latino section of Chicago. The fact that it is the first house they have ever owned, make them proud. But when Esperanza sees it, she is disappointed by the red, dilapidated house. It is not the one their†¦show more content†¦She gets excited when boys look at her on the streets. But her illusion of true love is destroyed by sexual violence. Her friend Sally’s behaviour towards boys contributes to Esperanza’s caution and distance by dealing with the opposite sex, too. Nevertheless, Esperanza does not stop dreaming of leaning against a car with her boyfriend in a place where that does not bother anyone. But she has set her standards higher than most of the women around her. She do not search for a man to escape from this place, she has seen too many unhappy marriages. Ruthie exemplifies such an one. She has run away from her husband and seems to be mentally disturbed. The young Rafaela is locked up by her husband because of her beauty. Nevertheless the tragic event is Sally’s which ends in abuse. Sally, Esperanza’s friend, only wanted to dream and share her love like Esperanza. Hurt and beaten by her father who just wanted to prevent the familiy’s ruin by Sally. To escape, despite of her minority, she marries a salesman. But unlike her wish, the abuse continues. Saddened but also encouraged by her friends’ experiences, Esperanza wants to become a writer, and change her dreams into reality. Esperanza is led by the dream to leave Mango Street at once, nevertheless she knows that she will have to return one day to help and encourage all those who will fallen in the big hole of hopelessness. She can leave Mango Street but she can not escapeShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The House On Mango Street By Sandra Cisneros2154 Words   |  9 Pagestopic very much is â€Å"The House on Mango Street†, by Sandra Cisneros. This book is about a young girl named Esperanza, who moves to a new house and a new community, and struggles with finding her identity and fitting in the community. The book is written in a series of vignettes, or small poems that follow Esperanza’s journey of finding herself and her struggle balancing her Mexican culture and heritage, and her hopes and dreams of becoming a writer. The author, Sandra Cisneros, places many motifs throughoutRead MoreAnalysis Of Sandra Cisneros s The House On Mango Street Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesSara Fitzsimmons Meola English 2 Honors 6 September 2016 Get Out In Sandra Cisneros novel The House on Mango Street the characters experience the challenges of growing up in a society full of racism, discrimination, and class distinction. Their experience is exceedingly similar to people in urban areas and cities today. Both the protagonist Esperanza, a young teen and people in today’s hispanic cities experience discrimination making progression in life challenging. The indifferent attitudes regardingRead MoreAnalysis Of Sandra Cisneros s The House On Mango Street 938 Words   |  4 PagesGender role plays an important role in Sandra Cisneros’s novel The House on Mango Street. The role of women in a patriarchal society is one of the most important themes in the novel. The main character Esperanza, along with other women have to face a lot of difficulties caused by gender inequality. Esperanza s disappointment begins as she moves into the new community and witness the way women are treated. Cisneros introduces gender stereotypes to demonstrate to the reader that gender roles can createRead MoreAnalysis Of Sandra Cisneros s The House On Mango Street 1506 Words   |  7 Pagesperson is important, but how much did it affect them is also crucial. In Sandra Cisneros novel, entitled The House on Mango Street,the story depicts a Latina girl who transform throughout her time being on Mango Street. The girl named Esperanza is to faced obstacles of female oppression that she witnesses in the life of women on her street who they depends on men to bring them out of the street. In The House on Mango Street, Cisneros uses characterization to express the idea that Esperanza changes dueRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Esperanza in The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros1207 Words   |  5 Pagescharacter in The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros. Esperanza represents the females of her poor and impoverished neighborhood who wish to change and better themselves. She desires both sexuality and autonomy of marriage , hoping to break the typical life cycle of woman in her family and neighborhood. Throughout the novel, she goes through many different changes in search of identity and maturity, seeking self-reliance and interdependence, through insecure ideas such as owning her own house, insteadRead MoreAnalysis Of The House On Mango Street, Cathy Queen Of Cats, And A Rice Sandwich By Sandra Cisneros1257 Words   |  6 PagesIn the vignettes â€Å"The House on Mango Street,† â€Å"Cathy Queen of Cats,† and â€Å"A Rice Sandwich,† Sandra Cisneros is trying to portray that socioeconomic classes impact an individual s self-confidence. These three stories tie together an underlying principle about someone s outlook and perspective on their lives based on their living situation. The mix of the characters initial low esteem and the opinions of others upon their socio-economic class the reader can see the effect towards self-confidenceRead MoreAnalysis Of The House On Mango Stree t 1367 Words   |  6 PagesBaker ENG 102 – 2006 14 April 2017 Esperanza’s Mango Street The House on Mango Street is a short novel that packs a strong and deliberate message. At first, when reading the first few chapters, one assumes that this book is going to be a simple story about some young girl’s life, but as the reader continues to read on, that perspective about the story changes because of the story’s complexity. The House on Mango Street has received many praises amongst critics for its well-definedRead MoreAnalysis Of The House On Mango Street1051 Words   |  5 Pages Analysis of The House on Mango Street By: Sandra Cisneros Carley Deklotz GWSS:1001:0A02 Professor Sue Stanfield The environment people grow up in can have a huge impact on their identity and who they become. In the novel, The House on Mango Street, the author tells a series of short stories through the eyes of Esperanza Cordero. Esperanza is a young Latina growing up in Chicago, and through her stories shows the reader her environment and how in affects her. Things like gender roles, sexualRead MoreBiography of Sandra Cisneros1459 Words   |  6 Pagesfrightening to some and enlightening to others. Although times have changed, Sandra Cisneros’ stories about Mexican-American women provide a cultural division within itself that reflects in a recent time. The cultural themes in Cisneros’s stories highlight the struggle of women who identify with Mexican-American heritage and the struggle in terms of living up to Mexican culture – as a separate ethnic body. The women in Sandra Cisneros’ stories are struggling with living up to identities assigned to themRead MoreChron icle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Garcia Marquez1492 Words   |  6 Pagessame outlet of writing that has yielded a larger audience. Authors who have taken to the art of writing to express themselves are Sandra Cisneros and Julia Alvarez authors of both The House on Mango Street and In the Time of the Butterflies. To better understand the difference of those born in Latin America and In the those from Latin America, there must be an analysis of both works by different authors as well as scholarly articles.With the use of these lenses it can be seen that the writing styles

Synthesis and the Research Gap study by MyAssignmentHelp

Question: Discuss about theSynthesis and the Research Gap. Answer: Introduction Leadership is an important factor in any organization operating in the twenty-first century. The reason for this is that leadership roles have continually expanded. In the past, when capitalism was the rule of the day, leaders only had to issue orders to the workers. Over the years, scholars discovered that leadership plays a very integral part in the overall functioning of the organization. Understand how leadership affects the organizational setup for proper integration is significant. Leadership affects the overall performance of the organization by affecting different performance aspects of the organization. The essence of this paper is to analyze various scholarly articles in a bid to prove the validity of this thesis. Thus, proving that leadership affects the performance of a company will encourage organizations to shift their resources towards empowering leadership. There is a research gap in terms of research of the relationship between leadership and organizational performan ce. Here, organizational performance can be broken into various aspects that this literature review will analyze. Leadership as a Research Gap Definition and Concepts of Leadership Yusuf et al. believe that leadership is an intangible asset that an organization can possess which can be counted as a strength that can enhance organizational performance. It is a source of strength because effective leadership will align the goals and objectives of the organization with those of the individual workers. That is, an effective leader communicates his or her mission and goals to his followers and sells them the idea. A leader will ensure that the followers buy into the idea. Once that is so, the employees will be motivated to participate in realizing those goals. That forms the link between organizational leadership and performance. If leadership is not effective in an organization, it implies that the employees goals are misaligned with those of the organization. That could result in wastage of resources since the employees will prioritize their objectives over those of the organizations. Avolio and Gardner (Gardner) provide an emphasis on the concept of developing authentic leadership in an organization as well as its impact on organizational performance. From that angle, it is easier to discover a research gap where this research fails to assert the pieces of evidence that prove that authentic leaders possess the ability to enhance their performance as well as the performance of his or her followers. The advantage of this is that it will sustain the performance of the organization better than in a case where the leader only focuses on developing his or herself. According to Boonyachai (2011), effective leaders focus on developing their followers instead of developing themselves which brings in the idea of servant leadership. Servant leadership is a concept where the leader leads by example. Servant leadership can result in motivation in an organization since there is effective communication between the leaders in the organization and their employees. Supervisors in an organization are part of the management and are the leaders who bear the first-line responsibility of controlling the employees. The use of servant leadership where these low-level managers lead their employees by showing them what they are to do in the organization can be useful in strengthening employee performance. Whichever leadership style that a manager chooses to use should be effective in that it seeks to develop the employees further. That increases the trust and loyalty of the employees in their leader. Leadership and Organizational Culture The relationship between the leadership element in the organization, organization culture, and job satisfaction is an element that Tsai et al. look at in their article. Organizational culture entails the beliefs and values that exist within the workplace. The leadership style that an organization chooses to use will shape these beliefs and values in the organization. Also, the organizational culture can also shape the leadership style of an organization. Tsai et al. (2015) fail to look at the manner in which the different types of leadership relate to the different types of organizational cultures. The dissertation endeavors to fill this niche by analyzing the way behavioral changes that leaders should make to be able to generate respect and support of their team members. By knowing the way the different leadership styles affect organizational culture, the leaders become aware of their expectations if he or she intends to gain their support and trust. Leadership in Solving Workplace Conflicts Workplace conflicts are one of the primary causes of wastage of organizational resources in terms of time and money used to solve them. For instance, in the case of a conflict in an organization, it can be solved using arbitration. Hiring costs of an arbitrator are very high which result in increased operational costs of the organization. The study that Doucet et al. (2016) conducted intended to discover the effect that leadership had on workplace conflicts. The study can be generalized to organizations of different industries. The article fails, however, t consider the relationship between the different leadership styles and workplace conflicts in environments that offer both high and low compliance. The reason why this is a research gap is the fact that understanding this relationship is that it provides a keener understanding of the roles that leaders play in different work environments with respect to inspiring organizational change. Leadership and Change Management Change management is a managerial function that Alkahtani et al. (2011) introduce. In the article, these scholars discuss the way leadership as a function of personality when it comes to inspiring change management in the organization. Change management is an essential part of an organization, especially where change and innovation is anticipated. Therefore, when installing new systems, there should be change management policies and systems which will anticipate and prevent negative factors such as change resistance. The question that this article fails to address is that: which factors can drive leaders and managers to adopt a certain leadership style. One such factor is change management where a leader needs a certain quality to manage the way change is adopted in an organization. Leadership and Innovation Woszxzyna (2015) conducted research about how leadership acting and organizational culture can be a normative influence to the behavior of employees in the organization when it comes to process innovation. The research endeavors to answer the question of how top management can influence employee behavior in a bid to promote innovation and creativity. The studys main focus is on the relationship between the leadership style embraced in an organization and employee behavior. Where the study falls short is where it fails to emphasize the identification and analysis of different measures that the leaders in an organization can motivate their workers to be more creative in the way they approach problems. The dissertation intends to fill this research by looking at the way the leadership styles can be used as incentives in the organization. By looking at this factor, it is possible to relate the motivation factor with the innovation factor. Strang and Kuhnert (2009) discuss the relationship between entrepreneur skill, personality trait, professional and leadership motivation. Entrepreneur skill and personality traits are characteristics that any leader should have. An effective leader in any organization is one who is capable of playing the entrepreneurial role in the organization. Entrepreneurship will yield innovation within the organization which ultimately results in higher productivity. Thus, the personality of a leader as well as the development level are elements that can be used in the measure of the performance of leaders. The research gap presented here regards the fact that the study is limited to only two factors as the measure of the performance of leaders. The gap here is the fact that there are many other factors that can be considered in this measure which include employee feedback, the level of job satisfaction and motivation within the organization. As Chan et al. (2015) posit, the personality of a leader can be linked to both leadership and entrepreneurship. According to the research, leadership skill bears a direct link to behavior and performance which implies that leadership development skills can directly impact the performance of an organization. The research, however, does not emphasize the exploration of the differential effects that the facet levels of personality can have which results in a research gap. This dissertation promises to research on these aspects thereby broadening the scope of this study. Regarding team performance, Wang et al. (2014) believe that authentic leadership can directly impact it by investing in psychological capital and relation. Leaders who practice this type of leadership tend to be transparent in taking feedback, information sharing and also regarding their personal motives and values. That creates a good relation between the leader and his or her followers. The research gap available here concerns the fact that this research completely leaves out the impact of other leadership traits that could have the same effect on team performance. The dissertation study covers this aspect by incorporating the way different leadership styles impact an organizations performance. Conclusion Organizational performance and its link to the leadership of the organization is an area that has limited literature which explains the presence of the research gaps that the different articles have presented. The common finding in all the articles is the fact that the leadership of the organization links to the various aspects that affect the performance of the organization. Some of these aspects include workplace conflicts, change management, innovation, organizational culture and leadership concepts (style). The different articles review the way these aspects affect the leadership of the organization which in turn affect the performance of the organization. The summative research gap presented here is the fact that the available research fail to analyze the way all these factors interact within a single business environment to produce the ultimate results of performance. That will provide information that organizational leaders can use as a basis for making sound decisions. References Alkahtani, D., Abu-Jarad, D., Sulaiman, P. and Nikbin, D. (2011). The Impact Of Personality And Leadership Styles On Leading Change Capability Of Malaysian Managers. [online] Australian Journal of Business and Management Research. Avolio, B. and Gardner, W. (2005).Authentic leadership development: Getting to the root of positive forms of leadership. [online] citethisforme.com. Available at: https://marklight.com/Resources-Presentations/MPS594%20Ethical%20Leadership/Authentic%20leadership%20development,%20Avolio.pdf Boonyachai, Y. (2011). An investigation of the leadership styles of middle managers in the Thai hotel industry using the MLQ (5X-Short Form) and Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions. Southern Cross University. [online]. Chan, K.Y., Moon-ho, R.H., Chernyshenko, O.S., Bedford, O., Uy, M.A., Gomulya, D., Sam, Y.L. and Phan, W.M.J., (2012). Entrepreneurship, professionalism, leadership: A framework and measure for understanding boundaryless careers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(1), pp.73-88. Doucet, O., Poitras, J. and Chenevert, D. (2016). The impact of leadership on workplace conflicts. International Journal of ConictManagement, [online] 20(4). Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235316962_The_impact_of_leadership_on_workplace_conflicts Strang, S. and Kuhnert, K. (2009).Personality and Leadership Developmental Levels as predictors of leader performance. [online] The Leadership Quarterly. Available at: https://www.turknett.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/StrangKuhnert09LQ1.pdf Tsai, Y. (2011). Relationship between Organizational Culture, Leadership Behavior and Job Satisfaction. Journals of Health Services Research, [online] 11. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3123547/ Wang, H., Sui, Y., Luthans, F., Wang, D. and Wu, Y. (2014).Impact of authentic leadership on performance: Role of followers positive psychological capital and relational processes. [online] Digitalcommons.unl.edu. Woszczyna, K. (2015). Leadership and organizational culture as the normative influence of top management on employee's behaviour in the innovation process. Journal of Business Economics and Management, [online] pp.396 402. Available at: https://ac.els-cdn.com/S2212567115016469/1-s2.0-S2212567115016469-main.pdf?_tid=4c203e90-7a71-11e6-b7cc-00000aab0f6cacdnat=1473853950_03bfd91517a4d2354ffe79a03494a7a4 Yusuf, M., Muhammed, U. and Kazeem, A. (2014). Management of Leadership Style: An Approach to Organizational Performance and Effectiveness in Nigeria. International Journal of Humanities Social Sciences and Education (IJHSSE), [online] 1(2).

The Metaphors Of Africa Essay Research Paper free essay sample

The Metaphors Of Africa Essay, Research Paper # 8220 ; The Metaphors of Africa # 8221 ; # 8220 ; Wishing Africa # 8221 ; is a verse form in which many thought arousing metaphors are used to do it come alive by giving the reader great illustrations. First of all what is a metaphor? A metaphor is a figure of address that make comparing between two unlike things, without utilizing the words like or as. Marilyn Brooks utilizes metaphor to determine one of the most interesting and dramatic verse forms. The kernel of this verse form lies within the metaphors. There are metaphors all through out # 8220 ; Wishing Africa, # 8221 ; but the first 1 is non a metaphor but a simile becuase of the usage of the word as. # 8220 ; The air current delicate as Queen Anne # 8217 ; s lace # 8221 ; ( 4 ) is the first simile in the verse form. This line is important because it aids to allow the reader experience the verse form, to experience Africa. It shows the soft ways of the environment, or the peaceableness of Africa. We will write a custom essay sample on The Metaphors Of Africa Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This helps to demo why the poetic voice would desire to travel back. The following metaphor in the stanza is, # 8220 ; The adult females # 8217 ; s organic structures were variable as coral # 8221 ; ( 9 ) . This is one of the most inventive lines in the verse form. It gives the feeling of beauty, as if swimming underwater in the Great Barrier Reef, looking at all the beautiful animals. This is important because the poetic voice is seeking to demo how great and fantastic Africa was. It besides serves as an illustration of the differences between non merely the adult females, but besides ways of thought. The adult female may stand for different experiences the poetic voice has had since go forthing Africa which has changed its head about the state and wants it could travel back at that place merely one more clip. Or they could stand for the different parts of Africa that the poetic voice girls so much. The following stanza is a passage from the first. # 8220 ; I am threaded / with pale venas # 8221 ; ( 13-14 ) is the first metaphor in the stanza. This is used to demo why the poetic voice can non non return to the state it longs for. The words # 8220 ; threaded # 8221 ; ( 13 ) and # 8220 ; picket veins # 8221 ; are the cardinal constructs in the metaphor. The word # 8220 ; threaded # 8221 ; ( 13 ) gives the image of hurting. There are legion possible grounds for the hurting, the lone restriction is the readers imaginativeness. Besides, when a piece of clothe is made, many pieces of yarn are threaded together, and there is no manner to acquire a individual yarn out without destructing the whole piece of clothe itself. Possibly the poetic voice is stating there is no manner that he can acquire away from his # 8220 ; picket veins # 8221 ; or past, his past being his heritage or tegument colour. The word # 8220 ; pale # 8221 ; ( 14 ) is used to exemplify that the poetic voice is white. It could be that he ( poetic voice ) was a slave proprietor or bargainer when it was in Africa and now it realizes that what it did was non right and is grief afflicted. The following metaphor in the 2nd stanza is, # 8220 ; I am full with deceasing # 8221 ; ( 15 ) . The cardinal vocabulary here is evidently, # 8220 ; full of deceasing # 8221 ; ( 15 ) . This illustrates the poetic voice # 8217 ; s grieve for go forthing Africa or his unhappiness for making what he did while in Africa. Think of being full with something, that something is all you think about, all you know. Now think about being # 8220 ; full of deceasing, # 8221 ; all the poetic voice thinks about is decease and it torments him mundane. Or possibly the poetic voice killed many Africans du pealing his stay at that place and now it haunts him every second of his life as he tries to get away his atrocious yesteryear. The first metaphor in the 3rd stanza is, # 8220 ; I grew meat in the Earth # 8217 ; s blond side # 8221 ; ( 25 ) . The cardinal constructs are # 8220 ; grew meat # 8221 ; ( 25 ) and # 8220 ; earth # 8217 ; s blond side # 8221 ; ( 25 ) . This metaphor shows one facet of what the poetic voice did while in Africa. # 8220 ; Grew meat, # 8221 ; ( 25 ) agencies that he ( the poetic voice ) was a plantation proprietor that owned slaves, that grew fruit, hence the word meat, the heavy portion of the fruit. # 8220 ; Blond side of the Earth, # 8221 ; ( 25 ) refers to the sunny or tropical clime of Africa. The writer used these footings because they provoke idea and experiencing with in verse form by giving the reader the sense that the Earth is alive. # 8220 ; I did it all with small bloody stitches, # 8221 ; ( 26 ) is the following metaphor. This metaphor is important because it once more shows the poetic voice # 8217 ; s unhappiness and sorrow. These # 8220 ; bloody stitches, # 8221 ; ( 25 ) possibly the slaves the poetic voice used to make his work in Africa. The existent footings # 8220 ; bloody stitches # 8221 ; brings a whole other feeling to the verse form. This feelings greatly contrast from those of the first stanza. Embowering uses these words because they suggest hurting and agony. The hurting and agony that the poetic voice experiences everyday of his life due to the facts of what he did while in Africa. Embowering uses the following line once more to so how the poetic voice is unhappy with what he did in Africa. # 8220 ; I am scented with virus, # 8221 ; ( 31 ) is the following metaphor. The key footings in the line are # 8220 ; scented # 8221 ; ( 35 ) and # 8220 ; virus # 8221 ; ( 35 ) . The word # 8220 ; scented # 8221 ; is used to demo that the poetic voice is tainted with what he did in Africa and can non acquire off from it, as if # 8220 ; scented # 8221 ; by a rotter. The word # 8220 ; virus # 8221 ; is used becuase whenever a virus is thought of decease closely related to it. The poetic voice used Africans and killed Africans to make his white adult male # 8217 ; s work. Again, the following line are non really a metaphor because of the word as, ( it is a simile ) , but it is critical to the verse form. # 8220 ; I am white as a geisha/ my roots indiscriminate # 8221 ; ( 35-36 ) , this line once more goes back to the colour of the poetic voices tegument. The image of a # 8220 ; geisha # 8221 ; ( 35 ) is used because it is a works with white flowers. Embowering continually brings up the image of white ( mentioning to clamber colour ) because it is cardinal to understand the verse form to cognize that the poetic voice is a white individual. The other key constructs here are # 8220 ; my roots indiscriminate # 8221 ; ( 36 ) . Bowering is seeking to demo that the poetic voice is lost or confused. The word # 8220 ; roots # 8221 ; ( 36 ) is at that place to exemplify the poetic voice # 8217 ; s household line. Again, we as readers, are non certain his yesteryear, but all the metaphors and simile aid to give a image of what the state of affairs might be. The term # 8220 ; indiscriminate # 8221 ; is key because it shows that the poetic voice doesn # 8217 ; T know where he comes from and hence doesn # 8217 ; T know where to travel now. Mayrilyn Bowering used many metaphors to do the verse form # 8220 ; Wishing Africa. # 8221 ; These metaphors open and make the verse form come alive with every word. She makes you, as the reader, think. The metaphors besides make the reader experience the power of the words as the come off the page and into your head. Bowering # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; Wishing Africa # 8221 ; contains some really inventive and mind opening metaphors.

How To Manage Difficult Employees Management Essays

How To Manage Difficult Employees Management Essays How To Manage Difficult Employees Management Essay How To Manage Difficult Employees Management Essay The terminal of this concluding sum-up is to reexamine grounds from the intelligence shows that how to pull off trouble employee. Therefore director have to pull offing their organisation more proper direction. Manager play a different leading based on the employee background and besides the behaviours in order the subsidiaries able adapting and follow to finish the undertaking and heightening organisation public presentation. It is really of import for director to understand of pull offing the organisation to avoid any failure undertaking happen. In literature review journal 1 how can director cut down the employee purpose to discontinue . Most of the impact is the stressors on emphasis reactions, occupation satisfactions committedness to the organisation. To cut down the purpose to discontinue directors have to sharply supervise their work loads besides that besides have to supervise the relationships between subsidiaries and supervisors in order to cut down emphasis. In literature reappraisal Journal-2 All alteration? Directors experience of organisational alteration in theory and pattern it is focuses the utile of organisational alteration theory for direction pattern. Furthermore it suggest that to implement the new institutional theory. Therefore directors have to apprehension of the context within organisational alteration occurs and the drivers of alteration. So they understanding and motivate themselves, besides to actuate others to collaborate in alteration procedures. It is helpful were theories which enabled the m to alter state of affairss in which they found themselves. Therefore it is of import that the organisational change their theory and the pattern in their organisation. In add-on, understanding pull offing organisation will assisting the director able to pull off their organisation and accomplish effectivity end. Besides that besides can assist employee understanding the managerial signifiers may impact otherwise within the organisations. However, director besides have to play a suited functions in an organisation which can be different in organisation civilization. By holding cognition of pull offing the organisation can assist leader as good. Therefore understanding pull offing organisation is really of import. Main body- Literature reappraisal Journal -1 How can directors cut down employee purpose to discontinue? This reports is based on Lucy Firth and David J.Mellor, Kathleen A. Moore and Claud Loquet. To look into the variables that may be analytical of purposes to go forth a occupation, and prove a theoretical account that includes interceding variable. The mediating variable include emotional support from supervisor and self-pride that will impact the stressors on emphasis reactions, occupation satisfactions committedness to the organisation purpose to discontinue. To cut down the purpose to discontinue directors have to sharply supervise their work loads besides that besides have to supervise the relationships between subsidiaries and supervisors in order to cut down manage emphasis. Nevertheless, directors besides monitor both the external and internal beginnings of occupation satisfaction available to employee. Based on the study there are few ground that employee purpose to discontinue are the experience of job-related to emphasize, the scope of factors that lead to job-related emphasis and deficiency of committedness to the organisation. The facet of emphasis facing by Stressors can be measured by function ambiguity, function struggle, work overload and work household struggle. Besides the impact of occupation stressors on purpose to discontinue utilizing the dispositional factors are locus of control, self-esteem and perceptual experiences of supervisor support. However, occupation dissatisfaction are chiefly the influence that purpose to discontinue. It is because deficiency of committedness to the organisation and feelings of emphasis, which in the current theoretical account are influenced by occupation stressors. However, director who concerned about the impact purpose to discontinue they may hold some control. In certain occupation stressors they confronting work overload, occupation ambiguity which are the factors that cause the concatenation of psychological that will take to intention to discontinue can be adjusted. Management may cut down emphasis of employee and increase occupation satisfaction and committedness to the organisation and given the extrinsic beginnings of occupation satisfaction available to employees by supervisor subsidiaries relationships and proctor work loads. Journal-2 All alteration? Directors experience of organisational alteration in theory and pattern. This paper is based on Jane Andrew, Helen Cameron and Margaret Harris. The intent of this diary is to concentrate the utile of organisational alteration theory for direction pattern. In this paper find that the elaborateness of pull offing alteration in pattern that will reflect certain organisational environments and civilizations. In this diary to practicing directors are likely to be suggests that to implement new institutional theory. Besides that they besides discuss how director experience organisational alteration and how they use alteration theory in their pattern. Furthermore they besides consider about the development of organisational alteration theory and sense of future taking on organisational alteration. The directors use accomplishments and cognition to establish the most utile were those that enabled them to do sense of the organisational alteration after they experienced. Whereas the survey participants referred to the demand to advance ownership of alteration schemes and many of them described now how advancing a multi-agency attack to organisational alteration direction, they encourage synergistic working and thereby improved the services provided. So, directors chiefly have to apprehension of the context within organisational alteration occurs and the drivers of alteration. They can utilize understanding to actuate themselves and besides to actuate others to collaborate in alteration procedures. It is helpful were theories which enabled them to alter state of affairss in which they found themselves. Furthermore in this survey besides provide some arrows for future research and theory development on organisational alteration. From the point of position of practicing directors, it seems that what is needed is in-between scope theory which provides accounts of the context within which they themselves every bit good as their organisations have to work. This sort of theory helps directors to do sense of their functions and motivates them to implement alteration. They are besides looking for theory which builds on their practical experiences chance are being lost it seems for research workers to supervise how alteration is implemented in pattern in organisations. Introduction The current issues that I read through online the Star Newspaper. The intelligence was on Tuesday January 8,2013 said that director has a job which is hard to pull off their employees. In the instance said that the endowment can be find in the section but the job is whether it is blessing or expletive. The director will pass their clip on program talent plan model, undertakings and preparation to do them related to their company. But at the same clip they forget a really of import key component which is to making good in their implement on developing to their subordinated. It is besides because that all the clip Human resources section merely will engaging the right campaigners who has the high acting and potency. At the same clip can given the foremans of endowment. Unfortunately finally the director will recognize that the high public presentation campaigner they are hard in to work with. Based on the research conducted by profiles international with over 700 peoples of directors said that there is a 25 % of endowments in their company was hard to work with. The study besides revealed that 78 % of the directors did non cognize how to pull off these employees efficaciously and 68 % of the director did non understand the behaviour of these endowments. The issue is the subordinated who besides thought himself as a endowment ever think that he are above the remainder including their superior as such he do it indicate in order everyone acknowledges him as the smartest in the company. Besides that he thought he is a endowment and he believe that he entitles to some privileges such as shorter working hours, long hr of interruption and will excused from the deadening everyday undertakings and inquire for everyone in the squad. In this instance, what director suggest to make is make non digest bad in squad. If his attitudes start impacting the squad, so can talk to him yet non-condescending or accusatory mode. Manager besides advise to in private and publically without seting him on the base to denote his accomplishments and appreciate him. On the other custodies, a lady who are wallpaper endowment is seeking difficult to work for the organisation and she maintain the position quo that neer taking any on big undertaking as because she do non desire any justice negatively about her. Yet she hope she can softly affect her foreman without work together with her co-worker. She tried her best non to make better than their co-worker and trust her foreman will detect all these thing. Unfortunately, at some point she tries excessively difficult and suppressed her thrust for challenges and excellence that first qualified her to be in the plan. In this instance director can move as a transformational leading. Manager can praise her more in forepart of the squad. Besides that director can proactive and organize a outlook to her. Furthermore create a learning chance and motivate work for towards the end. In a nutshell it is really of import for director to understand of pull offing organisation in term of their employee behaviour, organisation civilizations and so on. Recommendation Based on the inquiry director have to understand of pull offing organisations. So, it is really of import that director need to understand the organisation it is because director have to pass the working clip in the organisations. It make sense of the workplace that director have to making internal environment work together with their employee to carry through their ends. It Is besides because different states have different civilization in the organisation. Organizational civilization is an of import construct and it will impact on organisational alteration plan when an organisation presenting major reforms and that need different or new civilization. Therefore Understanding of organisational civilization and cultural types will besides understand of pull offing the organisation. Besides that besides can assist employee understanding the managerial signifiers may impact otherwise within the organisations. So the director have to understand the functions they are play as. Furthermore through apprehension of pull offing organisation, director have to understand how to play a function to be leader as good. Leader is who steering others and taking is capableness of steering and act uponing or animating others. The leading theory such as transformational leading. Transformational leading is a leading manner that lead to the impact of their follower. It can be defined as the leader service as a function theoretical account of their followings. Which mean that the transformational leaders respect, addition trust and esteem from their followings. They have 4 different constituent of transformational leadings there are rational stimulation, Individualized consideration, inspirational motive and idealised influence. Whereas transactional leading besides known as managerial leading. These peoples who are motivates by wagess and penalty. Which mean that the employees public presentation good so will have some wagess, if they perform ill they will be punished in some manner by their superior. They are focal points on the function of supervising and public presentation. In short Transactional leading is based in A ; Acirc ; eventuality while wages or penalty is contingent upon public presentation. Decision Based on the recommendation, we know that it is really of import for director to hold understand of pull offing an organisation. However, director besides have to play a suited functions in an organisation which can be different in organisation civilization. By making this director can to take their subsidiaries the right manner to accomplish their end together. In a nutshell, leading is of import, implement alteration the organisational civilization can maintain their subordinated focused, and pull off the alteration efficaciously. By making this director can guarantee the organisation alteration in appropriate resources that provided and can do certain that the undertaking is actively driven. Transactional leading and transformational leading have pattern their ain leading manner, both of this leaderships manner as reciprocally sole.

The Best Sex and the City Quotes

The Best Sex and the City Quotes The beloved HBO series Sex and the City (which ran from 1998 to 2004) changed societys view single women everywhere were perceived and showed there was no shame and a lot of empowerment in not having a man. It also delivered a boatload of great one-liners and sassy quotes from each of the shows star characters: Carrie, Miranda, Samantha, and Charlotte. Check out some of the funniest lines uttered by each of the ladies throughout the shows run. The Funniest, Cleverest, and Sassiest Sex and the City Quotes Charlotte: I am so confused. Is he gay or is he straight?Carrie: Well, its not that simple anymore. The real question is, is he a straight gay man or is he a gay straight man?Carrie voiceover: The gay straight man was a new strain of heterosexual male spawned in Manhattan as the result of overexposure to fashion, exotic cuisine, musical theatre and antique furniture.Vaughn: Hey, GQ called.Carrie: Really? They want you to write something?Vaughn: No, they want me to wear something. Its great to be a writer these days. Theres so little writing involved.Carrie: Just dont be photographed in anything sleeveless. No one who went sleeveless ever won a Pulitzer.Carrie: There is no way that the love that I had with Big is the same thing that he has with Natasha.Miranda: Natasha? When did you stop calling her the idiot stick figure with no soul? Samantha: From my experience, honey, if he seems too good to be true he probably is.Miranda, to Carrie, whos listening to an answering machine message from Big: We could analyze this for years and never know, I mean, they still dont know who killed Kennedy.Carrie: Charlotte was thrilled. Anthony was like the pushy Italian mother she never had. Carrie is having trouble driving a stick-shift car.Miranda: Why didnt you just get an automatic?Carrie: I love this car! It goes with my outfit.Carrie: So are you saying theres no way youd go out with a guy who lived with his family?Samantha: Well... maybe Prince William.Carrie: You just caught us a little off guard with the lesbian thing.Samantha: Thats just a label, like Gucci or Versace.Carrie: Or Birkenstock.Samantha on the Hermes Birkin bag: Oh honey, its not so much the style, its what carrying it means!Carrie: It means youre out four thousand bucks.Charlotte: I cant believe you took Ecstasy from a stranger!Samantha: Its not a stranger, it was a friend of my friend Bobbys friend Bobby.Miranda: Oh, well then we know its safe. Will we be going to a rave later?Carrie: Ive spent $40,000 on shoes and I have no place to live? I will literally be the old woman who lived in her shoes!Carrie: So youre a pessimist, right?Miranda: Have we met? Stanford: Before I tell you, you have to promise not to judge.Carrie: Do I judge?Stanford: We all judge. Thats our hobby. Some people do arts and crafts; we judge.Samantha: All of Manhattan is here.Stanford: Whos watching the island?Carrie: I tried the trapeze yesterday for that piece that Im writing.Charlotte: I could never! I have the most terrible fear of heights.Carrie: Well, I do not. Youve seen my shoes.Carrie, after being told to take off her shoes: But... this is an outfit!Charlotte: Did I ever tell you I was a cheerleader?Miranda: No, because you knew I would mock you endlessly.Charlotte: Big is in town?Carrie: Yeah, hes here for a little heart thing.Miranda: What, is he on the list to get one?Big: So I guess this is what wed be like in our 70s. No sex and board games.Carrie: Aww, youre already thinking about your next birthday?Samantha asks Carrie if the guy she just met (still within earshot) is straight or gaySamantha: Martini straight up or with a twist?Samantha: Besides , theres no such thing as bad publicity. Carrie: Yeah, you would say that youre a publicist.Miranda: gets hit in the head with Nerf ball I just realized... maybe its maturity or the wisdom that comes with age, but the witch in Hansel and Gretel shes very misunderstood. I mean, the woman builds her dream house and these brats come along and start eating it.Miranda: I spoke to a woman with a masters in finance all she wanted to talk about was her Diaper Genie.Carrie brought Miranda along for a double non-dateMiranda: looks at watch I have to go feed my cat.Carrie: voiceover Miranda had invoked our code phrase, honed over years of bad parties, awful dates and phone calls that wouldnt end. Unfortunately, I wasnt ready to accept defeat. out loud I thought you already fed your cat.Miranda: I have to feed it again.Manhattan Guy: Cat people all freaks.Carrie: When did being alone become the modern-day equivalent of being a leper? Will Manhattan restaurants soon be divided up into sections smoking / non-smoking, single / non-sin gle? Charlotte: How can you forget a guy youve slept with?Carrie: Toto, I dont think were in single-digits anymore. ​Trey: Youre learning Chinese?Charlotte: Well, just in case, I want to be able to speak to the baby.

Web 2.0 for engaging and collaborative learning in higher education Essay

Web 2.0 for engaging and collaborative learning in higher education - Essay Example Classroom 2.0 uses asynchronous learning to promote collaboration among large numbers of users, instead of consuming one-way information, which is common in Classroom 1.0. Some educators are concerned, however, with the adoption of Web 2.0, because it may not serve their specific teaching needs and it may not always be aligned with learners’ skills and interests (Bennett et al., 2012; Yoo & David, 2011). Other educators think that Web 2.0 is a powerful enabling technology for students (Churchill, 2011; Sistek-Chandler, 2012). This essay aims to negotiate differences in the perceptions of Web 2.0 because of different beliefs in the effects of Web 2.0 on learning. Web 2.0 promotes learning through providing diverse tools for engaging and collaborative learning. Web 2.0 contributes to synchronous and asynchronous learning in higher education because it assists student content creation and sharing, promotes self-regulated learning and teamwork, and supports critical and reflective participation. Opponents of Web 2.0 assert that students have different Web 2.0 skills and these differences can produce cognitive load that can interfere with deep learning. Cifuentes, Alvarez Xochihua, and Edwards (2011) learned that the cognitive load from Web 2.0 interfered with deep learning due to students’ varying Web 2.0 skills. ... The authors stressed the importance of Web 2.0 in enhancing student content creation and sharing, but the inexperience of the students with these tools may prove disconcerting to them enough to not understand its value in their education. Cifuentes, Alvarez Xochihua, and Edwards (2011) also stressed that not all students understood the objectives of using Web 2.0. This article emphasizes the role of instructors in mediating learning through providing clear learning objectives in the use of Web 2.0. Teachers must consider these issues, before introducing Web 2.0 into learning practices. Technology skills and learning goals can impact how Web 2.0 will be used and adopted by both teachers and students alike. Students and teachers may have different interests and preferences too, when it comes too Web 2.0, which can affect how Web 2.0 is accepted and used in actual class settings. Yoo and David Huang (2011), in â€Å"Comparison of Web 2.0 Technology Acceptance Level Based on Cultural Di fferences,† examined the role of culture in accepting Web 2.0. They learned that Koreans and Americans have different preferences, when it comes to Web 2.0 technologies. If instructors are not aware of these preferences, they might not be able to motivate their students in maximizing Web 2.0 for learning. Bennett et al. (2012) noted that teachers also have varying perceptions on the importance of Web 2.0 in teaching and learning. Some teachers continue to believe that face-to-face communication is still the best way of learning, because actual presence can stimulate deep learning. Others believe that Web 2.0 presents interesting ways of engaging students. Clearly, differences in how Web

Practical report and essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Practical report and - Essay Example This prevents interference of the proteins during analysis. In addition to this, metaphosphoric acid offers stability to ascorbic acid by preventing its decomposition in acidic solution. DCP solution being unstable is stored in dark bottle at 4Â ºC. DCP titrant has to be standardised using known concentration of vitamin C. This helps in accurate determination of the concentration of vitamin C in an unknown solution. Reagents and samples: 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCP), 2- metaphosphoric acid, glacial acetic acid, standard ascorbic acid, freshly squeezed orange juice, Tropicana pure premium and Growers direct organic Accurately weighed 800 mg of DCP is dissolved in 500ml of previously boiled and cooled distilled water in a 1000 ml volumetric flask. Then the volume is made up to 1000 ml with distilled water. (The solution can last 7 days in fridge, in a dark bottle). Accurately weighed 15 g of Metaphosphoric acid (HPO) was dissolved in 40 ml of glacial acetic acid and 200 ml water. Then the volume was made to 500ml. The resultant solution was filtered. (MPA lasts 7 days in fridge). Accurately weighed 200 mg of L-ascorbic acid was dissolved in 10 ml MPA solution, and then volume was made to 100 ml with distilled water (made up in MPA/glacial acetic solution). 10 ml of resultant solution was diluted to 100 ml with distilled water. (20 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 ml i.e. 0.2mg/ml). 3. Then the solution in the flask was titrated with DCP solution from burette slowly with constant stirring until faint pink colour appeared and persisted. Then burette reading was noted. 3. Then the solution in the flask was titrated with DCP solution from burette slowly with constant stirring until faint pink colour appeared and persisted. Then, burette reading was recorded. Discussion: Most analytical methods exploit ascorbic acid’s ease of oxidation for its estimation. It was seen that the ascorbic acid content of freshly squeezed

Position of the Music Industry Prior to Introduction of Internet Essay Example for Free

Position of the Music Industry Prior to Introduction of Internet Essay In the music industry prior to the introduction of internet marketing there were different roles being played by different actors of the market. The usual way a product is prepared for market is to contract the artists. The artists who were the content providers record materials which are either their own or provided to them by other writers. This is clearly depicted in the figure below. Traditional Value Chain in the Music Industry Source: John B. Meisel and Timothy S. Sullivan The recordings will be done on the basis of the contracts entered into with the recording companies. Hence the power and control over the supply of the product remained with the record company. The recording company thus would be regarded as the holder of the major item of value in the supply chain being the exclusive rights over the recorded artists’ content. (Hardaker and Graham, 2001) Most of the part of the distribution is in the hands of the record companies and they also retain the rights to select the suppliers. The distribution and supplier selection is based on the record companies’ perception about the quality of the recording and the music, past reputation of the suppliers and the contract price for the recording. In return for the content in the form of recording, the artist is compensated by the provision of promotions for the recording and its merchandising in connection with the sales there of and the distribution of the content as a saleable commodity – CD for example. It was usual in the traditional music industry that the major record companies have their own distribution channels and businesses. Hence it would become necessary for a retailer to source his music products from different sources. Sometimes the retailer may have to place orders with major record companies and up to 20 other firms from the independent sector. The new releases of music albums or other sales of the record companies are usually handled by the wholesalers. If the retailer would like to follow the wholesaler route then he might have to order through only one wholesaler. The main wholesalers also offer another service called ‘rack jobbing’ which is a different method of supply being adopted by them. The function of a rack jobber includes the supply of complete package that contains records and other promotional and display materials. It is also the duty of the wholesaler to keep a regular stock usually on a sale or exchange basis. Just as the advancement in the telecommunication had its effect on all the other sectors from airline reservations to banking and related financial services the music recording industry has also been severely impacted both positively and negatively observes Eric de Fontenay. In fact the impact of internet on the music industry is much more profound than on any other industries. Despite the fact that the entertainment related products and services have taken their own time to develop and take advantage of the improvements in digital technology over the decades, during the intervening period the overall structure of the industry has remained dormant. The reasons for the industry to remain without major changes can be traced to the following reasons: 1. The cost of creation of content has always remained higher and this prohibited any new entrants in to the industry. 2. The structure of content ownership and rights of licensing system remained unaltered thereby keeping the structure of the industry in tact. 3. There has been a continuous necessity for the presence of a distribution network almost everywhere in the world irrespective of the geographical barriers. This has restricted the existing firms to make any changes in the structure. There was no possibility of new firms entering the market in view of the high capital intensive nature. 4. Similarly there had always been a constant scarcity for the distribution networks which also prevented any new forms of distribution or change in the structure of the distribution networks. (Eric de Fontenay) The internet has affected the music industry in so many ways. It has made the industry incur additional costs in completely restructuring itself. Further the internet has reduced the entry barriers. This was possible by a considerable increase in the number of downstream outlets having varied nature. At the same time the internet has provided the actors in the upstream end to enjoy greater control over the aspects of content ownership, production and distribution. This has created a distinct fear in the record labels that they cannot eliminate the possibility of getting bypassed by both the markets in the downstream and upstream. This impact has created the following reaction on the part of the traditional industry actors. They tried to impose the existing rules and procedures to the new medium so that they could exercise the same leverage and control over the market. The process by which they attempted to do it involves a twin aspects strategic approach. At one end they used legal channels to restrict the availability and use of the new technology in the Industry. On the other end they adopted new technologies to tackle the potential legal threats that would affect the control derived by them from the traditional systems. This strategy backfired and left them high and dry in the market while new information technology players like AOL, Microsoft, E Music and MP3 took advantage of the stalemate. They reacted aggressively by building their infrastructure and systems for the online marketing and distribution of music. They also involved themselves in the retailing of music over internet. The distribution of revenues in the music industry involves the portion of the performer. As per the contract terms the performer is to be paid a portion of the revenue each time there is a sale of the record. Before the money is paid to the performer the revenue is to be apportioned towards the expenses incurred by the company for marketing and distribution. This gives an opportunity for the artists to earn considerable amounts from the sale of products. For gaining maximum revenue the artists should control the publishing rights to their songs or they have the capacity to negotiate contracts with terms that are favourable to the artists. In the case of revenue distribution Internet has its impact on the industry in the following respects.

Robert Frost?s ?The Road Not Taken Essay example -- essays research pa

Robert Frost’s â€Å"The Road Not Taken,† can be understood in various ways. The mood, attitude, and mindset of the reader predispose their thoughts towards the poem’s true meaning. The title of the Frost’s poem suggests that it is about decisions and obstacles in life and how people should handle them. Frost is voicing his opinion, saying that whatever path or decision making we make or do, one day, will be the key factor in your future tomorrow and thereafter. Almost every human being experiences life’s bumpy road journey and Frost indicates in his poem that there are never just one single path to take; instead it is like a complex maze. A traveler comes upon "two roads diversified in a yellow wood" (Frost 719 ). Frost indicates that it is a cross road in his life and he must chose one way or another. The option of choosing both roads is not there because it is not possible, so the traveler must decide how he wants to live the remainder of his life and choose that path. The traveler, still deciding on what path to take, states regretfully "...Sorry I could not travel both paths" (Frost 719). This is a prime example of everyday life. It is nearly impossible to look into the future and see the end result of which path to take, and therefore makes it even more difficult of which life path to strive towards. By not seeing the future result in picking one road over another, the traveler wonders what he will be missing out. Frost is e...

Sexualization of Little Girls in the Media

Does the Media Sexualize Little Girls? Many different articles and essays use statistics to back up their claims but you is to say if they are accurate or not? In â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect† by Stephanie Hanes and â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† by Skip Hollandsworth they use many different statistics to back up their claims that the media is sexualizing little girls and that it is a problem for themselves and society.Even though they shock you with their disturbing statistics you wouldn’t know if they were correct without some further research. The statistic that I chose to research in â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect† by Stephanie Hanes was that, â€Å"The marketing group NPD Fashionworld reported in 2003 that more than $1. 6 million is spent annually on thong underwear for 7- to 12-year-olds. † What I found left me confused but didn’t necessarily prove the statistic wrong.When I r esearched the statistic the only places I could find this statistic were on websites or blogs using from statistic â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect. † NPD Fashionworld may have very well done the research to back up their claims but I could not find any other companies or researchers doing the same study. I would say that the research is not very credible because of one major thing; there are no other sets of data to compare it to.The statistic that I chose from â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† by Skip Hollandsworth was that, â€Å"A small study published in Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, that involved 22 women, half of whom had participated in child beauty pageants, concluded that there were â€Å"no significant differences† between the two groups on measures of bulimia, body perception, depression, and self-esteem. But it did find that the former beauty pageant girls scored significantly higher on â€Å"body dissatisfaction, interpersonal distrust, and impulse dysregulation [an ability to resist performing actions that would be harmful to themselves or others]. This statistic shows that women who participated in pageants as young girls were not affected medically more than women who did not but they did suffer some effects that aren’t necessarily threatening. When I researched this statistic and this study I found that there are not too many studies on this subject. When I looked up the effects of beauty pageants on women if they competed as girls I found that there were a lot of blogs and websites pointing out individual cases or small groups. I find that this statistic is not credible because the group tested is too small.Only 22 women were tested which is a cause for concern. You can not get all the evidence you need from 22 people to make a strong claim. Another reason why I feel that this statistic is not credible is the fact that there hasn’t been any major studies on the issue. There have been many small studies like the one mentioned in the statistic but none providing any substantial evidence. Articles like â€Å"Little Girls or Little Women? The Disney Princess Effect† by Stephanie Hanes and â€Å"Toddlers in Tiaras† by Skip Hollandsworth provide many statistics to try and shock you.They are very effective at first glance but once you look into them a little more you start to fell a little skeptic. Many of the statistics used are influential but not in the fact of providing hard evidence. Many of the statistics used were either found by small studies or there had only been one study performed on the issue which does not give enough proof. Statistics are a great way to provide support for you claims but it does require the reader to a little research if they really want to know for sure.

Filipino Artist Essay

Fernando Amorsolo – Most of his paintings portrayed the Filipino culture, tradition, and customs like Filipino fiestas. He became popular because of his illuminated landscapes and his historical paintings on which you can see the real reflection of a Filipino soul. Some of his major works were: * The Bombing of the Intendencia (1942) * Bataan * Assasination of Governor Bustamanta * The Burning of Manila * Afternoon Mealof the Workers (1939) * Dalagand Bukid (1936) * The Explosion (1944) * The Mestiza (1943) * Maiden in a Stream (1921) * Princess Urduja * Sunday Morning Going to Town * The Rape of Manila (1942) Fabian dela Rosa (uncle of the famous Filipino painter Fernando Amorsolo) He painted more than 1000 artworks which included: * Women Working in a Rice Field * The Death of General Lawton * Transplanting Rice (1904) * La Pintora (1926) * La bordadora (1926) * Landscape with Dark Trees * Marikina Road (1939) * View of Sta. Ana Ang Kiukok was born in Davao, City on May 1, 1931. He was well known visual artist and is considered one of the National Artists of the Philippines. His parents were half Filipino and Chinese. He enrolled at the University of Sto. Thomas and met his mentor and lifelong friend Vicente Manansala. He used certain styles in his paintings like cubism, surrealism, and expressionism. He also painted multiple illustration of Christ’s Crucifixion. * Maningning Miclat was born in Beijing, China on April 15, 1972 but she was a Filipino. She was well remembered because of her bamboo Zen paintings and her poetry. She spoke three languages, Filipino, English and Mandarin. She was a fellow of the University of the Philippines’ National Writers Workshop and Siliman National Writers Workshop. Some of her poetry publications and painting were: * Wo De Shi – The first book of poems published in 1987 * Maningning: An Exhibit of Chinese Brush Works – her first solo show of traditional Chinese painting. * Trouble in Paradise – The second book of poetry which also had won the grand prize from the Art Association of the Philippines. * Voice from the Underworld – A 2001 National Book Award Finalist. Luis Eduardo Aute was born in Manila on September 13, 1943. His father was Spanish and his mother was a Filipina. He traveled at the age of 8 years old. He sang and interpreted the song Las Hojas Muertas (The Dead Leaves). He wrote his first poem at the age of 9 when he got influenced the movie entitled On the Waterfront. Vicente Silva Manansala His masterpieces are Madonna of the Slums, Jeepneys, Kalabaw (Carabao), oil on canvas, 28.5 inches x 38 inches, 1965 Carlos V. Francisco His great works include Blood Compact, First Mass at Limasawa, The Martyrdom of Rizal, Bayanihan, Magpupukot, Fiesta, Bayanihan sa Bukid, Sandugo, Portrait of Purita, The Invasion of Limahong, Serenade, and Muslim Betrothal Juan Novicio Luna His most famous piece, The Spoliarium, for which he won top prize at the 1884 Madrid Exposition, is currently in the National Museum in Manila. Hernando R. Ocampo His major works in the visual arts include Ina ng Balon, Calvary, Slum Dwellers, Nude with Candle and Flower, Man and Carabao, Angel’s Kiss, Palayok at Kalan, Ancestors, Isda at Mangga, The Resurrection, Fifty-three â€Å"Q,† Back drop, Fiesta, Mother and Child, Easter Sunday, and his most acknowledged work Genesis, which served as the basis of curtain design in the Cultural Center of the Philippines Main Theater. His works were exhibited in Washington, New York, London, and Tokyo. Cesar Legaspi His works include Man and Woman (alternatively known as Beggars), Gadgets and Procession. Critics further described that Legaspi â€Å"reconstituted† in his paintings â€Å"cubism’s unfeeling, geometric ordering of figures into a social expressionism rendered by interacting forms filled with rhythmic movement. Damian Domingo He had a photographic memory, was the first Filipino painter who also painted secular subjects. He specialized in taking miniature portrait painting called tipo del pais. These were portraits of Filipinos from higher circles. Reportedly it was also one of those tipo del pais, who yielded his life partner. There are not many works of Domingo preserved. Only two watercolor paintings and three oil -painting. The three paintings are: Nuestra Seà ±ora del Rosario, Catedra S. Pedro Roma and La Sagrada Familia

American Economy During and after Depression essays

American Economy During and after Depression essays After the First World War America was a completely different country. The twenties were a very unusual time period in American History. There are many reasons why it was called the Roaring Twenties. Most of the American people were living a great life and were able to afford luxury items; even though this didnt apply to everyone many believed that it was a time of great hopes. In the twenties, industry took a very big step. It nearly doubled. Not only did industry grow, but also so did science, laws, beliefs, arts, social lives changed, sports and the various different news from around the globe. The workweek had dropped from 60 to 48 hours. For the first time, the Americans considered play as important as work. The weekend family outing and vacation had become things workers expected it. Huge numbers of people had radios went to the movies and owned a car. Jazz was also introduced in the 20's. The car and train industry was the largest industry there was. The assembly line made mass production possible, and the industry boomed. America was now a very powerful envy of many countries. America had high production and low unemployment. But as the 20s came, the economy jostled forward. It was because everything was easier and more efficient that made America the greatest economically sound country in the whole world. (Encarta, 1) During the decade, American corporations became larger. Some grew by securing markets abroad, as did the United Fruit Company in Latin America. Others grew through consolidation. Large companies came to dominate many industries. By the end of the 1920s, 100 corporations controlled nearly half the nations business. (Encarta, 1) The economic boom was started by many different reasons. One of the key reasons was the creation of Mass production. Factories around the United States could use electricity and set up assembly lines and make objects quickly. Henry ...

A Countrys Shape Can Impact Its Fortunes and Destiny

A Country's Shape Can Impact Its Fortunes and Destiny A countrys boundaries, as well as the shape of the land it encompasses, can present problems or help to unify the nation. The morphology of most countries can be divided into five main categories: compact, fragmented, elongated, perforated, and protruded. Read on to learn how the configurations of nation-states have impacted their destinies. Compact A compact state with a circular shape is the easiest to manage.  Belgium  is an example because of the cultural division between Flanders and Wallonia. Belgiums population is divided into two distinct groups: The Flemings, the larger of the two, live in the northern region- called Flanders- and speak Flemish, a language closely related to Dutch. The second group lives in Wallonia, a region in the south, and consists of the Walloons who speak French.   The government long ago divided the country into these two regions, giving each control over its cultural, linguistic, and educational matters.  Despite this division, Belgiums compact form has helped to keep the country together despite numerous European wars and attacks by neighboring countries. Fragmented Nations such as Indonesia, which is composed of more than 13,000 islands, are known as fragmented or archipelagic states because they are composed of archipelagos. Governing such a country is difficult. Denmark  and  the Philippines  are also archipelagic countries separated by water. As you might expect, the Philippines has been attacked, invaded, and occupied numerous times over the centuries due to its fragmented shape, starting in 1521 when Ferdinand Magellan  claimed the islands for Spain.   Elongated An elongated or attenuated nation such as  Chile  makes for difficult governance of peripheral areas in the north and south, which are from the central capital of Santiago. Vietnam is also an elongated state, which has battled numerous attempts by other countries to divide it, such as the 20-year  Vietnam War, where first French and then U.S. forces tried unsuccessfully to keep the southern part of the nation separated from the north. Perforated South Africa  is a classic example of a perforated state, which surrounds  Lesotho. The surrounded nation of Lesotho can only be reached by going through South Africa. If the two nations are hostile, access to the surrounded nation can be difficult. Italy is also a perforated state. Vatican City  and  San Marino- both independent countries- are surrounded by Italy. Protruded A protruded, or panhandle country such as  Myanmar (Burma)  or Thailand has an extended arm of territory. Like an elongated state, the panhandle complicates management of the country. Myanmar has existed in one form or other for thousands of years, for example, but the countrys shape has made it an easy target for many other nations and people, dating to the  Nanzhao kingdom in the mid-800s  to the Khmer  and  Mongol  empires. Though its not a nation, you can get an idea of how hard it would be to defend a protruded country if you picture the state of Oklahoma, which has a prominent panhandle.

What is the foundationalist response to the Pyrhhonian sceptical Essay

What is the foundationalist response to the Pyrhhonian sceptical challenge - Essay Example The general argument is that knowledge needs justification (Striker, 72). However, the Pyrhhonian skeptical challenge presents a totally different opinion, which in itself does not reject that knowledge requires justification, but rather offers that the only true way is to remain non-judgmental (Casey, n.p.). Thus, it can simply bee said that the Pyrhhonian sceptical challenge was inspired by ethical concerns, which holds that it is not right to judge that a person does not know, since such a person may not even that he does not know, and thus he might know something after all (Burnyeat, 133). The fundamental principle of the Pyrrhonian Skepticism is that in matters of opinion, observing quietude is noble, while in matters concerning things that are unavoidable, adapting moderate feelings is the most appropriate approach. The essence behind this principle of Pyrrhonian Skepticism is that; a person, who spends his entire life giving opinions regarding anything that is in nature as eit her good or bad, spends his entire life in a disquiet state (Striker, 77). The disquiet in the life a person who keeps categorizing the things off nature as either good or bad emanates from the fact that such a person keeps avoiding the things he considers to be bad in life, while at the same time chasing the things he considers good, yet spending all his energy in trying to avoid losing the goods he considers good, which he has already achieved (Burnyeat, 135). On the contrary, a person who neither opines on anything as either good or bad does not shun or pursue anything eagerly, which then means such a person is unperturbed in life (Striker, 71).

Effective Leadership Styles for an Educational or Training Institution Essay

Effective Leadership Styles for an Educational or Training Institution - Essay Example A general definition would be that â€Å"a leader is someone who influences a group of people towards the achievement of a goal†. There are 3Ps that are related to the term â€Å"leader† and these are People, Purpose, and Person. A leader is a person that is deeply committed to the goal and s/he will try to achieve it even if nobody follows him/her. A leader is someone who has a personal vision and in order to achieve needs the help of others. The leader should communicate his/her vision in such a way that the followers will share it and the goal will become a common goal. The leader needs the trust of the followers. Some people are more effective than others at influencing people. This effectiveness has been attributed to leadership styles, persuasion skills and the personal attributes of the leader. A leader is someone that brings big changes and innovations, someone who has handled effectively big crises whereas a manager is someone who improves the effectiveness of an organization at a given place and at a controlled course. Coercive. This is the least effective since it erodes employees’ pride. The leader here creates terrifies and demeans the employees at the slightest misstep. As a style it can be used in emergency situations. Authoritative. The leader has a vision, s/he motivates people by showing them how their work fits in the vision of the organization. This approach fails when the leader has a team of experts but it is a style which is effective in most business situations. Affiliative. The leader focuses on strong emotional relations and then he receives the benefits i.e. employees loyalty. S/he offers positive feedback. As a style it is positive but it should be better used when the leader wants to improve communication and increase morale. Democratic.  

Making The Classroom Work for You Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Making The Classroom Work for You - Essay Example 10- How can you become more of an active participant in class? Of the the seven tips outlined in the section on class participation,which do you feel you can learn from the most? Explain. In what ways would you like to improve your class participation? The seven tips are come to class prepared, ask questions, volunteer, take an active role in group activities, active listener, resist temptation to tune out or daydream and focus on class. Of the seven tips, I believe I learn from taking an active role in group activities because it is more fun and engaging not to mention that it removes boredom and surely one cannot tune out when active. There is a difference in the expectations between college and high school in terms of learning process. In college, free exchange of ideas is more common and students are encouraged to think independently or to be critical. It is also expected among college students that they would know how to find information for class or reports through research. In high school, students are more dependent to teachers for information. There are also less reports compared to college and the academic requirements are less rigorous. 14-What did you discover about your learning style preferences? How will you strengthen your less preferred learning style? How can you use your preferred learning styles to make the most out of college? I discovered that I learn more when I am engaged in an activity. Long lectures bores me and reading abstract ideas are often hard to relate. Unlike in activities where I can experience the application of the lesson which I can often learn well and remember. In classroom expectations, we are merely graded and are expected to pass. If we fail, we may retake the test or class and there are usually make up class or we can repeat the subject. There is also no life altering consequences in the classroom. In actual job expectations, a professional is expected to do the job

Al Capone: The American Gangster

Al Capone: The American Gangster Al Capone was an American gangster who led a crime syndicate dedicated to smuggling and bootlegging of liquor and other illegal activities during the Prohibition Era of the 1920s and 1930s. Capone began his career in Brooklyn before moving to Chicago and becoming the boss of the criminal organization known as the Chicago Outfit; although, his business card reportedly described him as a used furniture dealer. He was, and still is, the most recognized and influential Mafioso in American history. Both hated and loved by the public, he shared a common dislike with many people in American society at that time; a strong disdain for the temperance movement. Alphonse Gabriel Al Capone was born on January 17, 1899 in the Brooklyn borough of New York City to Italian immigrants Gabriele and Teresina Capone. They landed in New York just in time for the Panic of 1893, which would wrack the countrys economy for years. Gabriel who was a skilled barber and Teresina a seamstress, wisely chose Brooklyn as home in preference to the even greater squalor and density of Mulberry Bend, Manhattans Lower East Side Italian colony; not that the depression spared Brooklyn. Unemployment would soon idle one quarter of the boroughs workforce, making it no time for the unskilled.  [1]   The Capones lived better than most. Though Gabriel could not ply his trade at first, he avoided the drudgery and extreme low pay of manual labor because he boasted another skill that went with his trade; he could read and write. In Italy, as well as in America, the illiterate expected their barber to read them any letters that came their way. Gabriels learning earned him a job in a grocery store until he could gather enough of a stake to open his own barber shop; a storefront in a tenement at 69 Park Avenue.  [2]   Little Al, as he was called, had started school at John Jay, P.S. 7, at 141 York, near the Navy Yard. After the family had moved, he transferred to William A. Butler, P.S. 133, at 355 Butler Street; seven blocks away from Garfield. Until he reached sixth grade, he maintained a B average. He devoted much time and energy to his favorite extracurricular activity, playing hooky. He attended class only thirty-three days of the required ninety. A red-haze temper that would occasionally overmaster him all his life exploded one day, and he hit a teacher who was lecturing him. Sent to the principals office, he got a whipping and quit school in embarrassment. He was fourteen at the time, but he was ready to quit anyway as it was practically a family tradition.  [3]   Al made a stab at an assortment of honest jobs; clerk in a candy store and pin boy in a bowling alley. For a while he earned twenty-three dollars a week working in an ammunition factory. He also worked as cutter in a book bindery, following his older brother Ralph, who had worked in the print shop of a newspaper. Apprenticeship for Al Capones lifes work, though, arose on the streets. The streets Capone traveled as a young boy was ruled by gangs, or more precisely kid gangs. Members of these kid gangs could not be called gangsters; by todays standards they would barely qualify as delinquents. Excepting petty pilferage and occasional lunch-money extortion, few engaged in activity anyone would consider downright criminal.  [4]   Al was heavily influenced by gangster Johnny Torrio whom he considered to be his mentor. John Torrio was the thinking mans criminal. Torrio owned a bar on James Street at the corner of Water. He soon expanded, leasing a rooming house down the block which he filled with prostitutes and a nearby store he converted into a pool hall. Young Al could hardly have avoided absorbing the lesson of someone who had attained money and power without the drudgery that were typically weighed on others.  [5]   Al eventually joined the South Brooklyn Rippers, a junior gang that inducted kids as young as eleven. No reliably authentic details about Als activities in his late boyhood and early teens have survived, but he evidently did not stand out or apart. Not many years later, a former Brooklyn kid-gang member remembered him as something of a nonentity, affable, soft of speech and even mediocreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.  [6]   Al had caught the eye of someone who could exert the most portentous influence possible at that stage. It was Frankie Yale, six years older, who had ushered Al into the Forty Thieves Juniors gang. When Al entered his mid-teens, Yale welcomed him exclusively into the adult gang Five Points headed by Johnny Torrio. Membership in this Manhattan gang showcased his tough scrappiness. Capone learned all there was to know about extortion and slugging and the rest on the banks of the Gowanus Canal, says William Balsamo, Brooklyn native and historian of New York crime. Yale was fashioning a complex of enterprises beyond the Harvard Inn: a mortuary; racehorses; prizefighters; another nightspot, the Sunrise Cafe; a line of cigars-all based finally on his main line, strong-arm terror.  [7]   Capones job as bartender and bouncer at Yales Harvard Inn demanded a certain finesse. The trick was to bounce without alienating, and only to do so after considered efforts to calm and subdue had failed. Ideally, the bounced would recognize themselves as out of line. Capone combined the mass to bounce authoritatively and the intelligence to do it with tact. Capone became Yales pupil, favored by invitations after a hard night at the Harvard Inn to sleep over at Yales house. That happened frequently enough that Yales daughters would show visitors Als room. Yale had the swagger of a young man, already boss yet still a comer. Inevitably, Capone viewed Yale as a model and a teacher.  [8]   One summer night in 1917 resulted in scarring consequences. Frank Galluccio Galluch, a merchant seaman, barbers assistant, and spear-carrier in the Genovese crime family strutted into the Harvard Inn with his date, Maria Tanzio, and his kid sister, Lena. The sight of Lena set Capones glands exploding. Every time his rounds took him past her table he would try to chat with her; Lena snubbed him. Her brother who was half drunk and did not know Capone assumed from his familiarity that Lena did. His kid sisters growing anger penetrated Galluccios alcoholic fog stating, You know that guy? Lena then responded: I never saw him before. Hes got a lotta nerve. He wont give up, Frank. He cant take a hint. But I dont like him; he is embarrassing me. Maybe you could ask him to please stop-in a nice way.  [9]   Capone headed their way again and Galluccio was ready to take him aside like a gentleman: Hey, mister, please do me favor, okay? Shes my kid sister, you knowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Before Galluccio could speak, Capone leaned over to Lena, and whispered-loud enough to startle the party at the next table with heads swiveled in amazement-You got a nice ass, honey, and I mean it as a compliment. Believe me. Her brother sprang to his feet. The insult was bad enough; the fact that strangers had plainly heard made it insupportable. I wont take that shit from nobody, Galluccio shouted. Apologize to my sister now, you hear? At a moment, Capones brain reasserted itself, perhaps kicked in by sister. Family meant everything, and its evocation put this customer unarguably in the right. With his most ingratiating and placating smile, Capone turned to Galluccio arms spread wide and palms up and open: Hey, whatsa matter, pal, a little misunderstanding, a joke, no offenseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This is no fucking jo ke, mister, cried Galluccio.  [10]   Galluccio stood five-foot-six and weighed under 150. Capone looked like a mountain avalanching toward him. The Galluch knew he could be badly hurt unless he struck first and quickly, but his punch would never do the job. He clawed his knife from his pocket and lunged as the streets had taught him. One slash started two inches in front of mid-ear, curved four inches down the left cheek to just below the corner of Capones mouth; the other two each measured two and a half inches, one on the left jaw, and the other on the neck under the left ear. Galluccio grabbed his sister and date and ran out the door. Someone rushed Capone to the Coney Island Hospital where doctors applied thirty stitches to his face.  [11]   Soon Galluccio heard that Frankie Yale had been asking around for him. Galluccio appealed to Joseph Masseria, overlord of all New York for justice. Joe the Boss decreed a sit-down at the Harvard Inn where they agreed that Capone had indeed been wrong and would not be allowed to seek vengeance, while Galluccio had to apologize for his disproportionate reaction-which he readily did, contrite at sight of how he had disfigured Capone. Capone also recognized the justice of the settlement and the dishonor of his scars. He later put out the story that the scars had happened to him in service with the Lost Battalion of World War I. In fact, he had never been called up in the draft. This notable scarring had given him the infamous nickname Scarface.  [12]   In 1918 Capone met an Irish girl at a dance and fell in love. She was pretty, slim and tall with a round piquant face and large eyes framed by a helmet of blond hair. Baptized Mary, she would be known all her life as Mae, daughter of Michael Coughlin, a construction worker, and the former Bridget Gorman. On December 4, 1918, Mae gave birth. Eighteen days later, Maes sister, Kathleen, and James DeVico, an otherwise obscure friend of Capones, became godparents to Albert Francis Capone, also known as Sonny. Mae had almost two years on Capone, perhaps an embarrassment to them because each fudged a year of age on their marriage registration. Capone appears in the church records as Albert, maybe a mistake, or maybe a typical bit of criminal obfuscation.  [13]   Members of the Anti-Saloon League, founded 1893 in Oberlin, Ohio, sincerely believed everyone would be better off without alcohol. They looked forward, one historian has observed, to a world freeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦from want and crime and sin, a sort of millennial Kansasà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Their campaign, which quickly enveloped the nation, combined such animating idealism with the most brutal brass-knuckles politics; the league terrorized Congress. In the words of a popular song of the era: What Have They Got on You, Mr. Congressman? Weve heard just how those drys, Keep cases on you Congress guys. One wrong vote and reports would wing back home broadcasted by the leagues fifty thousand field workers.  [14]   Americas April 6, 1917, entry into the war sanctified the dry cause as patriotism even for the doubting majority. The liquor trade gobbled up enough grain for eleven million loaves of bread a day. The league insisted drunken workers could not turn out war materiel any more than drunk soldiers could shoot straight. Caving in to these pressures, Congress passed a resolution calling for a prohibition amendment to the Constitution and sent it to the state legislatures for ratification in December 1917. On January 16, 1919, Nebraska provided the necessary three-fourths majority by becoming the thirty-sixth state to approve the resolution. The Eighteenth Amendment would become law in one year.  [15]   Meanwhile, the league rammed wartime Prohibition through Congress. Until the Eighteenth Amendment kicked in at midnight on Friday, January 16, 1920, the interim law forbade anyone in the United States to make, sell or transport-without a permit-any beverage containing more than one half of 1 percent alcohol. The ban-both permanent and interim-cunningly did not include owning, drinking or buying liquor. The league had been careful not to offend voters or members of Congress; many were notoriously wet in habits no matter how dry they voted.  [16]   Capone was a suspect for two murders in 1919 and was seeking a safe haven and a better job to provide for his new family. Capone relocated to Chicago to help out his Five Points gang mentor Johnny Torrio. Torrio had gone to Chicago to resolve some family problems his cousins husband was having with the Black Hand. Torrino had also been summoned there to help out his uncle, Big Jim Colosimo, the citys leading whoremaster to run his empire. By the time Capone arrived, Torrio was in dispute with Big Jim. Seeing the major financial opportunities that came with Prohibition, Torrio wanted Colosimo to shift his organizations main thrust to bootlegging; Big Jim was not interested. He had become rich and fat in the whoring trade and saw no need to expand. He forbade Torrio to get into the new racket. Torrio realized that Colosimo had to be eradicated so that he could use Big Jims organization for his criminal plans. Together he and Capone planned Colosimos murder and sent Frankie Yale and his men from New York to carry out the job. Capone and Torrio meantime would act out airtight alibis  [17]  . One of Capones duties was to buy trucks for Torrios operation-which those in it called the outfit-especially after Capone took over. Members used it casually when talking among themselves about their group-I joined the outfit two years ago-as they would say Im with Capone, when talking about their affiliation to an outsider. Many in the outfit were involved in transporting beer. For most of them, being part of a gang meant little more than being a truck driver; that was the entry-level job for most. Possible promotion led to muscle and racketeering work. But Torrio relied on few to buy new and used trucks; one was Capone. By mid-1922 Capone already ranked as Torrios number two.  [18]   The election of reform mayor William Emmet Dever led to Chicagos city government putting more strain on the gangster agenda within city limits. Devers biographer called him a dripping Wet who enforced Prohibition. He would tell a meeting of beer-guzzling Germans, I have never pretended to be, and am not now a Prohibitionist. But he would have law and order stating, He would enforce the law to the limit. Within a month, authorities were raiding places citywide with, wrote a reporter, unabated enthusiasm, arresting five hundred in one sweep, 450 in another. Within six months his men had closed over four thousand blatant saloons and some five hundred soda parlors-notoriously fronts for selling beers. A significant amount of license revocations were set forth.  [19]   To put its headquarters outside of city jurisdiction and create a safe zone for its operations, the Capone organization muscled its way into Cicero, Illinois. This led to one of Capones greatest triumphs; the takeover of Ciceros town government in 1924. Capone made it clear that he wanted an all-out conquest of the town. He installed his older brother Frank (Salvatore) as the front man with the Cicero city government. Ralph was tasked with opening up a working-class brothel called the Stockade for Ciceros heavily blue-collar population. Al focused on gambling and took an interest in a new gambling joint called the Ship. He also took control of the Hawthorne Race Track.  [20]   For the most part, the Capone conquest of Cicero was unopposed, with the exception of Robert St. John, the crusading young journalist at the Cicero Tribune. Every issue contained an expose on the Capone rackets in the city. The editorials were effective enough to threaten Capone-backed candidates in the 1924 primary election. On election day things got ugly as Capones forces kidnapped opponents election workers and threatened voters with violence. As reports of the violence spread, the Chicago chief of police rounded up seventy nine cops and provided them with shotguns. The cops, dressed in plain clothes, rode in unmarked cars to Cicero under the guise of protecting workers at the Western Electric plant there. Frank Capone, who had just finished negotiating a lease, was walking down the street when the convoy of Chicago policemen approached him. Someone recognized him and the cars emptied out in front of him. In seconds, Franks body was riddled with bullets. Technically, the police c alled it self defense, since Frank, seeing the police coming at him with guns drawn, had revealed his own revolver.  [21]   Al was enraged and escalated the violence by kidnapping officials and stealing ballot boxes. One official was murdered. When it was all over, Capone had won his victory for Cicero. Capones temper stayed under control for about five weeks. But then, Joe Howard, a small-time thug, assaulted Capones friend Jack Guzik when he turned him down for a loan. Guzik told Capone and tracked Howard down in a bar. Howard had the poor judgment to call Capone a dago pimp and Capone shot Howard dead.  [22]   While only twenty-five, Al Capone became a prominent figure in Chicagos organized crime. He wasnt the only one though. Dion OBanion owned a thriving florist shop, but was also one of the biggest names in the bootlegging business. Flamboyant but untrustworthy, OBanion became a thorn in Capones side. In one instance, OBanion killed a man outside of Capones Four Deuces gambling joint and the ensuing trial dragged Capone into unwanted attention. OBanion also set up Torrio to be arrested by the police. He had promised Torrio he would move to Colorado if Torrio agreed to buy OBanions Sieben Brewery. OBanion took the money and left while the police were waiting to raid the brewery. Torrio went to jail and OBanion kept the money. The Brewery was eventually shut down permanently.  [23]   OBanion met his end while preparing a floral arrangement in his shop on November 10, 1924. He was a consummate hand shaker and on that day three known gangsters came in the shop. Thinking they were there to pick up flowers for the funeral of another prominent gangster, he went to shake their hands. One of them pulled OBanion off balance and six shots rang out. While there was a great deal of speculation concerning the triggermen, no one ever went to trial over the murder. It did leave OBanions territory wide open for Capone to move in, but also made powerful enemies of OBanions friends. These friends included Hymie Weiss and Bugs Moran.  [24]   Over the next two years, Moran and Weiss would fail in over a dozen assassination attempts against Capone. On January 24, 1925, Torrio was returning to his apartment at 7106 South Clyde Avenue from a shopping trip with his wife Anna. Walking from his car towards his apartment building, Weiss and Moran opened fire. They shot Torrio in the chest, neck, right arm and groin, but miraculously the elderly man survived. The true miracle came about when one of the men-reportedly Moran-held his gun to Torrios head and pulled the trigger only to hear the click of an empty firing chamber. This incident made Torrio consider quitting the game. After recovering, Torrio pleaded guilty and was sentenced to nine months in jail for the Sieben Brewery raid. During his jail sentence Torrio informed Capone he was planning on leaving Chicago and turning his vast empire over to Al stating, Its all yours Al. Me? Im quittin. Its Europe for me. Torrio then moved to Italy with his mother and wife.  [25]   Shortly after he took over Johnny Torrios empire, it was clear that his new status had changed Al Capone. He was a major force now in the Chicago underworld. To underscore his rise in the world, he moved his headquarters to the Metropole Hotel. His luxurious suite of five rooms cost $1,500 per day. He went from near obscurity to cultivated visibility. Capone became visible at the opera, at sporting events and charitable functions. He was an important member of the community: friendly, generous, successful, supplying a throng of thirsty customers. In an era where most of the adult population drank bootleg alcohol, the bootlegger seemed almost respectable.  [26]   In the spring of 1926, Capones run of good luck hit a snag. On April 27, Billy McSwiggin, known as the young hanging prosecutor who had tried to pin the 1924 death of Joe Howard on Capone, met with an accident. A bootlegger named Jim Doherty picked McSwiggin up by car at his fathers house. Dohertys car broke down and they hitched a ride with bootlegger Klondike ODonnell, a bitter enemy of Capone. The four Irish lads went on a drinking binge in Cicero with ODonnell and his brother Myles and ended up at a bar close to the Hawthorne Inn where Capone was having dinner. ODonnells cruising around in Cicero was a territorial insult.  [27]   Capone and his henchmen, not realizing that McSwiggin was in the bar with Myles ODonnell, waited outside in a convoy of cars until the drunken men staggered out. Then out came the machine guns and McSwiggin and Doherty were dead; Capone was immediately blamed. Despite the blot on McSwiggins integrity for keeping company with bootleggers, sympathy was with the dead young prosecutor. There was a big outcry against gangster violence and public sentiment went against Capone. While everyone in Chicago knew that Al Capone was responsible, there was not a shred of proof and the failure of this high-profile investigation to return an indictment was an embarrassment to local officials. Police took out their frustrations on Capones whorehouses and speakeasies which endured a series of raids and fires.  [28]   Capone went into hiding for three months. Reputedly some 300 detectives looked for him all over the country; in Canada and even Italy. He initially found refuge in the home of a friend in Chicago Heights and then, for most of the time, with friends in Lansing, Michigan. Those three months in hiding made an indelible mark on Al. He began to see himself as much more than a successful racketeer. He believed he was a source of pride to the Italian immigrant community; a generous benefactor and important fixer who could help people. His bootlegging operations employed thousands of people, many of whom were poor Italian immigrants. While much of this was just his ego getting larger, Capone had real leadership abilities and was very capable of extending those talents into areas that were beneficial to the community. He seriously thought of retiring from his life of crime and violence.  [29]   On July 28, 1926, he returned to Chicago to face the accusations of murder. It turned out to be the right decision because the authorities did not have sufficient evidence to bring him to trial. For all the public uproar and efforts of the law enforcement groups, Al Capone was a free man. The people of Chicago were tired of reading about gang violence and the newspapers fanned their anger. Capone held a highly publicized peace conference in which he appealed to the other bootleggers assembled there to tone down the violence. He made his point stating, There is enough business for all of us without killing each other like animals in the streets. I dont want to die in the street punctured by machine-gun fire. At the end of the meeting, an amnesty had been negotiated which accomplished two key things; first, there would be no more murders or beatings and second, past murders would not be avenged. For more than two months thereafter, nobody connected with the bootlegging business was kil led.  [30]   In May of 1927, the Supreme Court made a decision that Manny Sullivan, a bootlegger, had to report and pay income tax on his illegal bootlegging business. Just because reporting and paying tax on illegally-derived revenues was self-incrimination, it was not unconstitutional. With the Sullivan ruling, the small Special Intelligence Unit of the IRS under Elmer Irey was able to go after Al Capone.  [31]   Unaware and uninterested in Manny Sullivan or Elmer Irey, Capone became more compulsively extroverted and expansive. He indulged heavily in his two big passions; music and boxing. He became close pals with boxermJack Dempsey, but given the concern over fixed fights, the friendship had to be very discreet. Always an opera lover, Capone expanded his patronage to the jazz world. With the opening of the Cotton Club in Cicero, Al became a jazz impresario, attracting and cultivating some of the best black jazz musicians of the day. Unlike so many other Italian gangsters, Al did not seem to have the deep-seated racial prejudice and he gained the trust and respect of many of his musicians. Al extended his generosity and personal concerns to everybody who worked for him, black or white. Al spoke to reporters: Public service is my motto. Ninety percent of the people in Chicago drink and gamble. Ive tried to serve them decent liquor and square games. But Im not appreciated. Im known all over the world as a millionaire gorilla.  [32]   Capone biographer Laurence Bergreen described the way Capone inserted himself into the lives of those he knew: He came to dominate them not by shouting, overwhelming, or bullying, although the threat of physical violence always loomed, but by appealing to the inner man, his wants, his aspirationsby making them feel valued, they gave unstintingly of their loyalty, and loyalty was what Capone needed and demanded; in the volatile circles through which he moved it was the only protection he had from sudden death. The highest compliment other men could pay Capone was to call him a friend, which meant they were willing to overlook his scandalous reputation, that he had never been a pimp or a murderer.  [33]   The exposure was becoming a real nuisance. When he left for a trip to the West Coast, he had police surrounding him at every station. Los Angeles toughest detective said We have no room here for Capone or any other visiting gangsters whether they are here on pleasure tours or not. When Capone came back from the West Coast he found himself surrounded by six Joliet policemen with their shotguns aimed at him. Capone stated, Well, Ill be damned. Youd think I was Jesse James. Whats the artillery for? In Chicago, the police made things as uncomfortable as possible by surrounding his house and arresting him at the slightest provocation.  [34]   Capone left for Miami where the weather was much better than the Chicago winter, but the reception by the local community was chilly. He, Mae, and Sonny rented a house for the season and started to look for a permanent residence. Over the coming months he would invest a small fortune in redecorating his new palace in Miami, securing it like a small fortress with concrete walls and heavy wooden doors.  [35]   The Palm Island estate came to the attention of IRS Intelligence Unit watchdog Elmer Irey. He chose Frank J. Wilson to head up the job of documenting Capones income and spending. The job was monumental; despite Capones lavish spending everything was transacted through third parties. Although Capone had incredible wealth, every transaction was on a cash basis. The major exception was the very tangible assets of the Palm Island estate, which was evidence of a major source of income.  [36]   George Emmerson Q. Johnson, a member of the Scandinavian old boys network in the Midwest, was appointed U.S. attorney for Chicago. Johnson targeted Capone with unbridled passion. In the spring of 1928, the violence preceding the April primary election began to escalate out of control. It was not clear who was orchestrating all of this violence, but this time the targets were not gangsters, but U.S. Senator Charles Deneen, a reformer and a judge. The unabashedly corrupt Mayor Bill Thompson was presumed responsible since the victims were people who opposed him, but Al Capone who was still in Florida, was the scapegoat. While Mae Capone spent the spring of 1928 on an extravagant decorating spree Al dedicated himself to establishing himself as a legitimate citizen of Miami. In spite of the outward show of respectability, Al quietly made plans to solve pressing problems caused by his old boss Frankie Yale. The liquor supply deal that Capone and Yale had negotiated was experiencing too many